CNN  — 

What do dictionaries, fighter planes, plantains and the Swiss Guard have in common? That’s a serious question, but with a delightfully nonsensical answer: All served as inspiration for national costumes on display during the 2023 Miss Universe pageant’s preliminary competition. (Specifically, those were the looks donned by Miss Great Britain, Miss Philippines, Miss Dominican Republic and, yes, Miss Switzerland.)

Eighty-four countries are represented at this year’s Miss Universe, which is taking place in the El Salvadoran capital of San Salvador. Among those national titleholders are the first-ever married contestants, following an amendment to the eligibility requirements enacted this year, and two transgender women, representing the Netherlands and Portugal.

Miss Nepal, Jane Garrett, is one of the first “curvy” women to compete at Miss Universe; Erica Robin, meanwhile, is the first woman to represent Pakistan at the pageant.

The pageant’s preliminary competition got underway Wednesday, with contestants having already participated in days of rehearsals, as well as photo shoots, charity events and excursions. The main event, however, will take place on Saturday night, when the winner of the best national costume will be announced — as will the new Miss Universe, of course, who will take over from the reigning queen, R’Bonney Gabriel of the USA.

See some of the contenders for the best costume award below.

SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Denmark Nikoline Uhrenholt Hansen attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
A trio of blue macaw parrots sat on the shoulders (literally) of Miss Brazil, whose costume sought to note that the species is under threat.
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Great Britain Jessica Page attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss El Salvador Isabella Garcia-Manzo attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss British Virgin Islands Ashellica Fahie during the 72nd Miss Universe Competition National Costume Show on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Alex Peña/Getty Images)
The sun was also coming up on Miss Argentina's costume, literally — it referenced her country's national symbol, the Sun of May, in numerous ways.
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss United States Noelia Voigt attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
Miss Venezuela's costume paid tribute to the dancing devils, otherwise known as spirit dancers, who perform at religious festivals in her country.
Miss Dominican Republic's costume, meanwhile, was all about the plantain, with what commentators described as a "ready-to-eat" headpiece.
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Spain Athenea Pérez attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Netherlands Rikkie Kollé attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Nigeria Mitchel Ihezue attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Switzerland Lorena Santen attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Myanmar Amara Bo attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Ireland Aishah Akorede attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Costa Rica Lisbeth Valverde Brenes attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
The Olympic rings adoring Miss Curacao's outfit served as a callout for the country's athletes, who apparently yearn to compete in the Games under their own flag.
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Greece Marielia Zaloumi attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
Miss Portugal, Marina Machete, walks the runway during the 2023 Miss Universe national costume competition in a sculpted corset and armor-style sleeve, draped skirt and cape.
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Philippines Michelle Marquez Dee attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
Miss Ukraine's costume addressed the war in her country — it represented a mother's love for her child, commentators explained, and hope for a sky free from Russian missiles.
Miss Kazakhstan, meanwhile, dressed up as the ancient warrior queen Tomyris in a gown that balanced sculptural leather corsetry and a dramatic headpiece with delicate ruffles and a sheer cape.
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Latvia Kate Alexeeva attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
Juxtaposing rustic burlap and straw fabrication and detailing with precious gems, Miss Bahamas' costume paid a homage to popular 19th-century childrens' doll.
Inspired by Incan culture, Miss Peru's costume featured a large-scale representation of a tumi, a ceremonial knife. Also, lots of points feathers.
A borderline bridal moment from Miss Russia, who wore an intricately beaded white gown, veil and crown.
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Honduras Zuheilyn Clemente attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Malaysia Serena Lee attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Jamaica Jordanne Lauren Levy attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
Miss Slovakia's costume featured an ornate headdress crafted from blades of straw.
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss France Diane Leyre attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Thailand Anntonia Porsild attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
Miss South Africa, Bryoni Natalie Govender.
Miss Mexico wore a colorful look showcasing mythical creatures — a magical owl and deer, respectively, that represent wisdom and focus in traditional folklore.
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Mongolia Namuunzul Batmagnai attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)
Miss Nepal's costume also served to represent the woes of war, and, more importantly, Nepal's quest for world peace. She released a plushie dove from the cage she carried on the runway during her walk.
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR - NOVEMBER 16: Miss Nepal Jane Dipika Garrett attends the 72nd Miss Universe Competition - National Costume Show at Gimnasio Nacional Jose Adolfo Pineda on November 16, 2023 in San Salvador, El Salvador. (Photo by Hector Vivas/Getty Images)